The garden is in Somerset where weather is wetter and generally milder and affected most by Atlantic weather fronts. The garden itself is fairly well sheltered by mature trees and, in particular, in the walled garden is bordered on three sides by high brick walls that provide a sheltered South-West facing garden.
Walled garden near Glastonbury, Somerset
Survey prepared by
GreenPlantSwap & Good Earth Gardens
For
Amanda Clow
Date of report
14 Apr 2015
Growing conditions
- Climate bandMild
- Local factorsSheltered
- RainfallVery wet area
- Soil moistureWet to moist
- Local soil typeClay
- Soil pHpH 6.1- 7.0 Slightly acid
- Soil conditionPoor to moderate
General findings
- Description and goals
The property is part of an old, country house near Glastonbury. The main garden area is a walled garden to the East of the house originally built in the 19th century as a large kitchen garden. This walled garden was converted into a recreational garden area in the 1960s and has mature ornamental plants in three large borders, plus shrubs around a main lawn.
The Survey brief is to:
- better understand the growing conditions on site and how to improve these
- identify existing plants and trees and suggest plants for more year round colour and interest
- suggest scented plants and plants that are good for pollinators
- provide ideas for the scrubby area around a proposed fire-pit
- any other general maintenance advice
- Climate
- Soil
The underlying soil is clay. This makes the garden heavy to dig in winter and impedes drainage and movement of soil organisms and plant roots through the soil. In summer clay soils can also bake dry.
Clay soil is prone to compaction and our soil tests showed that there are areas where over-wet soil can be a problem for plants, particularly in winter. However, it is understood the Victorian owners put in an efficient stone drainage system in the walled garden which helps to alleviate the problem.
Working in organic matter will warm and break up the soil and help make water and mineral nutrients more available to plants. Clay soils have high fertility when well worked.
When planting, make sure you break up the clay in the bottom and sides of the hole, as the hole can create a water-logged 'sump' that can kill plants that have not had the chance to get established roots. Also leave planting till later in Spring, avoiding the colder, wettest months.
- Recommendations
Plants
The garden is very well stocked, but many perennial plants have spread and would be improved by making divisions e.g. Hebe, Acanthus. Also Aquilegia have self-seeded through the beds and it would be well to remove many of these.The Existing plants listed below are those singled out for identification in the Consultation visit. This was to an extent limited by what is in leaf and flower at this time of year, but was helped by the photos from last Summer you shared with us. Where individual varieties could not be identified, the genus of the plant is given. When in bloom, these can be further researched by comparing the leaf and flower with plants in that genus in the GreenPlantSwap Plant Finder.
A general work through the garden dividing perennials and tidying plants that have spread through self-seeding and runners will create room for new plants to give more seasonal interest and scents. The latter particularly should be positioned by paths and higher traffic areas. Plant suggestions are included in the 'Details by area' below.
Soil
The main flower beds in the walled garden do not appear to have had much enrichment in recent years, hence the condition of the soil is below par. This was particularly evident in the soil compaction and soil activity tests.This can be addressed with well-rotted garden compost. However, the beds are large and you will be unlikely to produce sufficient volumes from the garden itself.
A good alternative is more general application of peat-free, organic soil improvers and mulches, which can be bulk purchased. Their use will activate and neutralise the soil for better nutrient uptake. They will also better balance the soil to help control unwanted bugs and pests.
An ideal combination is 5-10cm of Soil Improver and a 5cm cover-layer of Forest bark chippings, which will help block the growth of weeds and gradually rot down to improve the humus (organic content) of the soil.
Summer house wall
Opportunity here is to replace the existing, very dilapidated (and collapsing!) summer house with a simple pergola structure for climbing scented plants.Fire Pit Area
We recommend creation of an area of flame-themed grasses and blooms around the proposed fire pit, which we believe would create good year round colour and interest and an excellent setting for use of the fire pit itself, which can be made from the Blue Lyas stone used in the walls of the walled garden.Other areas
See the detailed suggestions by area below.Future Work
If you wish to progress any of the above, and/or would like more general gardening work, your Consultant would be happy to quote for executing this on an independent basis.
Details by area
- Area A - Walled garden - South East facing wall
Well sheltered and with full sun through most of the day, this bed is ideal for less hardy and exotic plants. Centrepiece of the wall is a fine, mature Fig tree. Figs grow profusely and annual or bi-annual pruning in the dormant period (Winter) is recommended.
Existing Plants
Acanthus spinosus
Begonia acida
Choisya ternata
Ficus carica
Hebe ‘Autumn Glory’
Magnolia wilsonii
This is a rare and rather sought after small tree discovered by the plant explorer Ernest Wilson in 1903
This is a rare and rather sought after small tree discovered by the plant explorer Ernest Wilson in 1903
Suggested Plants
Callistemon citrinus
One of the best Bottlebrush plants. Slender evergreen leaves that release a lemon scent if rubbed. Good flowers through the Summer planted against a warm, sunny wall. RHS Award of Garden Merit.
One of the best Bottlebrush plants. Slender evergreen leaves that release a lemon scent if rubbed. Good flowers through the Summer planted against a warm, sunny wall. RHS Award of Garden Merit.
Daphne odora ‘Aureo-marginata’
Highly scented plant in early Spring, and good evergreen leaf.
Highly scented plant in early Spring, and good evergreen leaf.
Pittosporum tobira
This could work well at the house end of the border by the gate to the garden behind the house, as the plant is highly scented in Spring/Summer and has good evergreen foliage all year round.
This could work well at the house end of the border by the gate to the garden behind the house, as the plant is highly scented in Spring/Summer and has good evergreen foliage all year round.
- Area B - Walled garden - South West facing wall
A well sheltered bed, also mostly with full sun. The central summer house which is in a dilpidated state could be replaced with a simple pergola structure for scented climbers such as Jasmine, Clematis and Honeysuckle. A particular recommendation is Dregea sinensis, which bears highly fragrant flowers from May to Oct.
Existing Plants
Acacia dealbata
Choisya ternata ‘Sundance’ PBR
Cynara cardunculus
Whopper of a plant (pictured above). Great flowerheads in August
Whopper of a plant (pictured above). Great flowerheads in August
Pseudopanax ferox
One of the strangest small trees. Changes to a more conventional shape once it matures
One of the strangest small trees. Changes to a more conventional shape once it matures
Rosa ‘variety unknown’
View Rosa genus in Plant Finder
Pink climbing rose. May be able to verify when in flower.
Pink climbing rose. May be able to verify when in flower.
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Suggested Plants
Dregea sinensis
Unusual climber with prolific flowers and exquisite scent in afternoons and evenings May to October. May prove hard to find.
Unusual climber with prolific flowers and exquisite scent in afternoons and evenings May to October. May prove hard to find.
Lonicera periclymenum ‘Graham Thomas’
Climber with scented white flowers fading to yellow
Climber with scented white flowers fading to yellow
Gorgeous scented, pure white, trumpet-shaped flowers
Climber with very fragrant tubular cream flowers
- Area C - Walled garden - North West facing wall
While the aspect is slightly less favourable, half the length of the wall is lowered to let in more sun, and plants are again well sheltered.
Existing Plants
Agapanthus ‘Arctic Star’
Euphorbia × pasteuri
Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Hamburg’
Iris germanica
Origanum vulgare
Paulownia tomentosa
Rosmarinus officinalis
- Area D - Shrub and nettle area - new fire pit
This area could be replanted to good effect with red and gold tinged ornamental grasses and blooms around the proposed fire-pit, thereby carrying the theme from the pit itself to the garden around it. Here are a range of suggestions which work well together.
We recommend a 2-metre diameter fire pit (external measurement), using gravel, sand and the Blue Lyas stones you have on site, which match the walls of the Walled Garden.
Suggested Plants
Anemanthele lessoniana
Green, gold and bronze foliage for a soft 'fibre-optic' effect
Green, gold and bronze foliage for a soft 'fibre-optic' effect
Red trumpet shaped flowers
Echinacea 'Hot Papaya'
View Echinacea genus in Plant Finder
Large fade-resistant, frilly skirted pop-poms in deep, warm red rather than pink shown here
Large fade-resistant, frilly skirted pop-poms in deep, warm red rather than pink shown here
Jolly, warm and vibrant Autumn colour
Green to ruby red blades accentuate the darker reds
Dramatic yellow/orange torches
Year round ruddy colour
- Area E - Raised area in front of kitchen
This area has Snowdrops in early Spring and could be planted with more Spring flowering bulbs. Planting for Summer and Autumn colour is also recommended with a 'signature' tree in the centre of the area. Thought should be given to plants viewable from the kitchen window through the year. A detailed planting plan can be developed if requested.
Suggested Plants
Cercis siliquastrum
Tree with bright pink pea flowers in Spring and flattened purple pods in Autumn.
Tree with bright pink pea flowers in Spring and flattened purple pods in Autumn.
- Area F - Large border in front of house
This bed is currently choked by weeds, including ground Elder. We propose a thorough dig out before replanting. Some good mature plants. A herb area at the kitchen end could be developed with a more detailed planting plan.
Existing Plants
Abelia ‘variety unknown’
Anemone × hybrida ‘Honorine Jobert’
Bergenia ‘variety unknown’
Borago officinalis
Iris foetidissima
Phormium ‘Apricot Queen’
Rhododendron luteum
One of the best scented Rhododendron's. But an acid loving plant, which is no doubt why it has not grown well
One of the best scented Rhododendron's. But an acid loving plant, which is no doubt why it has not grown well
Thymus serpyllum
Suggested Plants
Hydrangea arborescens ‘Annabelle’
Great white flowerheads like headlamps, will look great against the dark Bay bush behind
Great white flowerheads like headlamps, will look great against the dark Bay bush behind
- Area G - Old climbing rose on front of house
This very old rose has been neglected and tangled over the years and will benefit from cutting back all dead wood and re-training in a fan shape on new wires. The mess of random nails and wires should also be removed.
Existing Plants
We believe its a rambling Albertine rose
- Area H - Huge Bay bush
A very large Bay bush, Laurus nobilis, has overgrown its position and needs some heavy pruning to bring back into shape and to a reasonable size (it is now approx. 4m across by 3m high) It was caught in the severe 2012 winter, hence areas on the walled garden side of the bush need cutting out. It would also benefit from cutting back at ground level around the sides where the 'ball shape' has been lost through spreading new shoots. Finally the top which was also caught in the 2012 winter should be cut back to new growth. The plant is healthy and should grow back vigorously.
Existing Plants
Laurus nobilis
- Area I - Cotoneaster tree in centre of lawn
This is an excellent tree for pollinators. It has attractive blossom in Spring and berries that ripen to a dark red in Autumn. Light pruning in winter will help keep the attractive domed shape. New growth around the trunk should also be removed.
Existing Plants
Cotoneaster frigidus ‘Cornubia’
Walled garden near Glastonbury, Somerset
Survey prepared by
GreenPlantSwap & Good Earth Gardens
For
Amanda Clow
Date of report
14 Apr 2015
Growing conditions
- Climate bandMild
- Local factorsSheltered
- RainfallVery wet area
- Soil moistureWet to moist
- Local soil typeClay
- Soil pHpH 6.1- 7.0 Slightly acid
- Soil conditionPoor to moderate
